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1999 Constituent Assembly of Venezuela
The 1999 Constituent Assembly of Venezuela (''Asamblea Nacional Constituyente'', National Constituent Assembly) was a constitutional convention held in Venezuela in 1999 to draft a new Constitution of Venezuela, but the assembly also gave itself the role of a supreme power above all the existing institutions in the republic. The Assembly was endorsed by a referendum in April 1999 which enabled Constituent Assembly elections in July 1999. Three seats were reserved for indigenous delegates in the 131-member constitutional assembly,〔Van Cott (2003:55)〕 and two additional indigenous delegates won unreserved seats in the assembly elections.〔Van Cott (2003:56)〕
The constitution was later endorsed by the Venezuelan constitutional referendum, December 1999, and new presidential and parliamentary elections were held under the new constitution in July 2000.
== Precedents ==
Chávez then called for a public referendum - something virtually unknown in Venezuela at the time - which he hoped would support his plans to form a constitutional assembly, composed of representatives from across Venezuela, as well as from indigenous tribal groups, which would be able to rewrite the nation's constitution. The referendum went ahead on 25 April 1999, and was an overwhelming success for Chávez, with 88% of voters supporting the proposal.〔Marcano and Tyszka 2007. p. 130.〕〔Jones 2007. p. 238.〕 Following this, Chávez called for an election to take place on 25 July, in which the members of the constitutional assembly would be voted into power, and as Bart Jones commented, "The stakes were high. Chávez believed a constitutional assembly controlled by his supporters was the major breakthrough the country needed to end the traditional parties' stronghold on power. The oligarchy, the traditional parties, and much of the media feared it was the final step to establishing a one-man dictatorship."〔Jones 2007. p. 239.〕
Of the 1,171 candidates standing for election to the assembly, over 900 of them were opponents of Chávez. Chávez's supporters won 52% of the vote; despite this, because of voting procedures chosen by the government beforehand, supporters of the new government took 125 seats (95% of the total), including all of those belonging to indigenous tribal groups, whereas the opposition obtained only 6 seats.〔〔Jones 2007. p. 240.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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